Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin,
S.J., (; 1 May 1881 – 10 April 1955) was a French
Jesuit, Catholic priest, scientist, paleontologist, philosopher, mystic, and teacher. Teilhard de Chardin investigated the theory of evolution from a perspective influenced by
Henri Bergson and Christian mysticism, writing multiple scientific and religious works on the subject. His mainstream scientific achievements include his palaeontological research in China, taking part in the discovery of the significant
Peking Man fossils from the
Zhoukoudian cave complex near Beijing. His more speculative ideas, sometimes criticized as
pseudoscientific, have included a
vitalist conception of the
Omega Point. Along with
Vladimir Vernadsky, he contributed to the development of the concept of the
noosphere.
In 1962, the
Holy Office issued a warning regarding Teilhard's works, alleging ambiguities and doctrinal errors without specifying them. Some eminent Catholic figures, including
Pope Benedict XVI and
Pope Francis, have made positive comments on some of his ideas since. The response to his writings by scientists has been divided. Teilhard served in
World War I as a stretcher-bearer. He received several citations, and was awarded the
Médaille militaire and the
Legion of Honor, the highest French
order of merit, both military and civil.
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